A Rare Case of Peripheral Cysticercosis in a Young Female from South India

Human Cysticercosis, a potentially deadly infestation, is the consequence of ingestion of eggs of Taenia solium. Cysticercosis is the most common parasitic infestation of the Central Nervous System, Muscle and Subcutaneous Tissue. About 54% of the patients present with subcutaneous nodules combined with nervous involvement. Cysticercosis is the most common Parasitic Disease of the Central Nervous System in the world but Cysticercosis cutis has been reported much less frequently(less than 2%). Here we are discussing a case of peripheral cysticercosis for which Surgery was done followed by medical treatment. Our patient came with a swelling on the left forearm near cubital fossa duration progressively increasing in size for the past 4 months. Complaints of pain over the swelling. MRI of the swelling was taken which showed a cystic swelling in the subcutaneous plane with a scolex in situ. After ruling out Neurocysticercosis, patient was taken up for excision of the cyst. Histopathology reported positive for cysticercosis with in situ scolex.Postoperative period uneventful and the patient was given a course of albendazole for two weeks. Majority of the patients will be presenting with Neurological Symptoms as Neurocysticercosis. Albendazole is considered as the treatment of choice in most of the cases and is cost effective. An alternate choice is praziquantel which might be given for some patients. Surgical management is preferred for peripheral cyst which is one of the rarest presentation.

Micronucleus Assay Of Buccal Mucosal Cells In Smokers And Non–Smokers

The micronuclei assay (MA) in exfoliated buccal cells is an innovative technique which holds promise for the screening of epithelial carcinogens/mutagens. Micronucleus is the small nucleus that forms whenever a chromosome or a fragment of a chromosome is not incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division. The micronucleus is thought to be an indicator of DNA damage consequent to possible carcinogen exposure. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the frequency of micronuclei in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells of smokers and non–smokers and to correlate the mean micronuclei with period of smoking. Buccal smears obtained from 68 age matched male subjects (40 smokers, 28 non–smokers) were included in the study. Papanicoloau stained smears were screened for micronuclei as per Tolbert et al criteria, with 1000 cells being examined in both categories. Results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean micronuclei count in buccal cells of smokers as compared to non smokers. Micronucleus assay can be used as a simple bio–marker for screening of pre–malignant changes in cells.

Ectopic cervical thymoma--the great mimic: a case report.

Ectopic cervical thymoma is a rare tumour that probably arises from thymic tissue trapped during the migration of the thymus into the anterior mediastinum from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. As it occurs in the region of the thyroid gland it mimics thyroid lesions and can cause confusion to the clinician, sonologist and cytologist. Misinterpretation of frozen sections can also occur if knowledge of this entity is not present. We are reporting a case of this rare entity in an elderly lady who presented with a neck mass that mimicked a thyroid lesion. Ectopic cervical thymoma should be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of neck masses in the elderly.

Kimura's disease--cytodiagnostic pointers: a case report.

Kimura's disease is an entity which is common in Asia with predilection for males. Earliest reports were from China. Kimura et al reported the case in detailfrom Japan 1948. Cytological diagnosis of Kimura's helps in allaying fears of malignancies in clinicians and patients. When all the cytological features are seen, this diagnosis should be borne in mind, and the differential diagnosis should be ruled out. Here we report 2 cases of Kimura's disease diagnosed on cytology and confirmed on biopsy. The etiology of Kimura's is unknown but a hypersensitivity etiology has been proposed.

Case report of parathyroid carcinoma with raised urinary catecholamines: a diagnostic dilemma.

Parathyroid carcinoma is often misdiagnosed as thyroid carcinoma clinically and also with fine needle aspiration cytology. Moreover in cases misdiagnosed as thyroid carcinoma pre operatively, raised urinary catecholamines may mislead to a diagnosis of MEN2 A. We report a case of a patient admitted to the surgery department ofour hospital with a swelling in the thyroid region, raised urinary catecholamines and urinary VMA levels, with hypercalciuria and elevated parathyroid hormone levels. It was clinically suspected as thyroid carcinoma with parathyroid adenoma and associated MEN 2A syndrome.

Giant cell tumour of talus--a case report.

Giant cell tumour of the talus bone is rare and is usually seen in skeletally mature adults. Here a case of giant cell tumour of the talus in a skeletally immature boy of 15 years is reported. The patient presented with swelling and tenderness of the left ankle with an osteolytic lesion seen in the talus on x-ray. A trephine biopsy followed by left talar excision was done. Following the biopsy report the patient underwent arthotomy and joint clearance. There was no recurrence noted at six months follow-up.

Case report of orbital lymphoma associated with polycystic disease: a coincidence?

The most common known extra renal malignancy associated with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is of pancreatic origin. Here we report a case of orbital lymphoma in a patient with PKD. This might just be a co-incidence or there might be some genetic interaction.

FNAC diagnosis of a pre-sacral chordoma: a case report.

Chordoma is a malignant tumour that arises from the remnants of the fetal notochord. A case of a 46 year old man presenting with a pre-sacral mass diagnosed as a chordoma on FNAC is described.

Amyloid goitre: a case report.

Amyloid goitre is an exceedingly rare condition associated with a clinically apparent enlargement of the thyroid gland due to massive amyloid infiltration. We hereby report an additional case of this rare entity.